July 2014. A member sent an image of galls on a mango leaf and asked what they might be.

It is caused by a gall midge, a small fly belonging to family cecidomyiidae which lay eggs on the new foliage and the larva feeds by making galls. Cut open the galls and observe the larva under a microscope. In later stages, the gall shows a hole indicating fully matured larva has left the leaf to pupate in the soil. The pest can be managed by using systemic insecticide on the new foliage or exposing the pupae to the sun by raking the soil at the base of the trees.